飞腾 D3000M: 更换 Linux 6.6 内核及启动步骤

sudo ip link set enaphyt56i0 up# 清掉旧地址（没有也没关系）sudo ip addr flush dev enaphyt56i0# 配 IP/掩码sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.73/16 dev enaphyt56i0# 配默认路由sudo ip route replace default via 192.168.0.1 dev enaphyt56i0# 配 DNS（临时）sudo sh -c 'printf "nameserver 192.168.0.1\nnameserver 8.8.8.8\n" > /etc/resolv.conf'# 验证ip addr show enaphyt56i0ip routeping -c 3192.168.0.1ping -c 3192.168.1.78ping -c 38.8.8.8ping -c 3 ports.ubuntu.com

sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y gdisksudo sgdisk -d 8 /dev/nvme0n1sudo sgdisk -n 8:0:0 -t 8:8300 -c 8:"UBUNTU_ROOT" /dev/nvme0n1sudo partprobe /dev/nvme0n1sudo mkfs.ext4 -F -L ubuntu-root /dev/nvme0n1p8lsblkkylin@kylin-pc:/mnt/ubuntu$ lsblkNAME         MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTmmcblk0      179:0028.9G  0 disk mmcblk0boot0 179:3204M  1 disk mmcblk0boot1 179:6404M  1 disk nvme0n1      259:00238.5G  0 disk ├─nvme0n1p1  259:10512M  0 part /boot/efi├─nvme0n1p2  259:202G  0 part /boot├─nvme0n1p3  259:3051.1G  0 part /├─nvme0n1p4  259:4016G  0 part ├─nvme0n1p5  259:5034G  0 part /data├─nvme0n1p6  259:6015.7G  0 part [SWAP]├─nvme0n1p7  259:7030G  0 part /media/kylin/75a059f9-ca40-4665-8436-eb0f└─nvme0n1p8  259:8089.2G  0 part

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/ubuntusudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p8 /mnt/ubuntudf -hT /mnt/ubuntu

sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y debootstrap ca-certificatessudo debootstrap --arch=arm64 jammy /mnt/ubuntu http://ports.ubuntu.com/#可能会由于 debootstrap 版本太旧导致：No such script: /usr/share/debootstrap/scripts/jammy#如果想要使用22.04，那么可以先拉20.04sudo debootstrap --arch=arm64 focal /mnt/ubuntu http://ports.ubuntu.com/

sudo mount --bind /dev  /mnt/ubuntu/devsudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/ubuntu/procsudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/ubuntu/syssudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu /bin/bash

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list <<'EOF'deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverseEOFapt updateapt dist-upgrade -y

#起个名字echo d3000m-ubuntu > /etc/hostname#设置密码passwd#建立个用户adduser zhaousermod -aG sudo zhao#装点工具apt install vim ssh net-tools pciutils usbutils -y

exit

sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y debhelper dh-exec \  bc bison flex libssl-dev libelf-dev libncurses-dev dwarves \  fakeroot dpkg-dev rsync xz-utils kmod cpiosudo apt install -y build-essential bc bison flex libssl-dev libelf-dev \                    libncurses-dev dwarves fakeroot dpkg-dev rsync gitsudo apt installbuild-essential bc flex bison libssl-dev libncurses5-dev dwarves -y

cd ~git clone --branch linux-6.6 https://gitee.com/phytium_embedded/phytium-linux-kernel.gitcd phytium-linux-kernel

make ARCH=arm64 phytium_defconfig

make -j$(nproc) ARCH=arm64 bindeb-pkg

sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p8 /mnt/ubuntusudo mount --bind /dev  /mnt/ubuntu/devsudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/ubuntu/procsudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/ubuntu/syssudo cp ~/linux-image-6.6*.deb /mnt/ubuntu/root/sudo cp ~/linux-headers-6.6*.deb /mnt/ubuntu/root/sudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu /bin/bash

cd /rootdpkg -i linux-image-6.6*.debdpkg -i linux-headers-6.6*.deb

apt -f install

ls -l /boot

apt updateapt install initramfs-tools -yupdate-initramfs -c -k 6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+

apt updateapt install -y ubuntu-standardapt install -y sudo openssh-server network-manager ca-certificates \               vim less curl wget net-tools iproute2 locales tzdatasystemctl enable sshsystemctl enable--now NetworkManager

exitsyncsudo umount /mnt/ubuntu/dev /mnt/ubuntu/proc /mnt/ubuntu/sys /mnt/ubuntu/runsudo umount /mnt/ubuntusync

sudo fsck.ext4 -f -y /dev/nvme0n1p8

#已经挂载了ls /boot/efi/EFI/kylin

sudo blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/nvme0n1p8sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p8 /mnt/ubuntuls -l /mnt/ubuntu/bootsudo umount /mnt/ubuntu##你一般会看到：#/boot/vmlinuz-6.6.xx-...#/boot/initrd.img-6.6.xx-...# 并且还有两个很方便的“永远指向最新”的软链接：#/boot/vmlinuz#/boot/initrd.img

sudo tee /boot/efi/EFI/kylin/custom.cfg > /dev/null <<'EOF'menuentry 'Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy) on nvme0n1p8 (Phytium 6.6.63 v3.3+)' --unrestricted {insmod part_gpt    insmod ext2# p8: ubuntu-root    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c1900155-2575-4919-a5c1-0ed0d1b2fc04    linux  /boot/vmlinuz-6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+ root=UUID=c1900155-2575-4919-a5c1-0ed0d1b2fc04 ro rootwait    initrd /boot/initrd.img-6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+}EOF

syncreboot

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/ubuntusudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p8 /mnt/ubuntuls /mnt/ubuntu/boot

cd ~/phytium-linux-kernelcp /mnt/ubuntu/boot/config-6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+ .config

make ARCH=arm64 olddefconfig

sudo umount /mnt/ubuntu

cd ~/phytium-linux-kernel# 示例：加个后缀标识这次改动export LOCALVERSION=-phytium-custom1make -j"$(nproc)" ARCH=arm64 LOCALVERSION=$LOCALVERSION bindeb-pkg

ls -lh ../*.deb

sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p8 /mnt/ubuntusudo mount --bind /dev  /mnt/ubuntu/devsudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/ubuntu/procsudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/ubuntu/syssudo mount --bind /run  /mnt/ubuntu/run# 拷贝 debsudo cp ../*.deb /mnt/ubuntu/root/sudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu /bin/bash

cd /rootdpkg -i ./*.deb || apt -f install -y

ls -lh /boot | egrep "vmlinuz|initrd|config|System.map"exit

syncsudo umount /mnt/ubuntu/dev /mnt/ubuntu/proc /mnt/ubuntu/sys /mnt/ubuntu/runsudo umount /mnt/ubuntusyncsudo fsck.ext4 -f -y /dev/nvme0n1p8

sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p8 /mnt/ubuntusudo mount --bind /dev  /mnt/ubuntu/devsudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/ubuntu/procsudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/ubuntu/syssudo mount --bind /run  /mnt/ubuntu/run# 拷贝 debsudo cp ../*.deb /mnt/ubuntu/root/sudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu /bin/bashcd /bootls -1 vmlinuz-* initrd.img-* | tail -n 10

sudoln-sfvmlinuz-6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+-phytium-custom1vmlinuz-currentsudoln-sfinitrd.img-6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+-phytium-custom1initrd-current

sudo tee /boot/efi/EFI/kylin/custom.cfg > /dev/null <<'EOF'menuentry 'Ubuntu 22.04 on nvme0n1p8 (current kernel)' --unrestricted {    insmod part_gpt    insmod ext2search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c1900155-2575-4919-a5c1-0ed0d1b2fc04    linux  /boot/vmlinuz-current root=UUID=c1900155-2575-4919-a5c1-0ed0d1b2fc04 ro rootwait    initrd /boot/initrd-current}EOFsyncsudo umount /mnt/ubuntu/dev /mnt/ubuntu/proc /mnt/ubuntu/sys /mnt/ubuntu/runsudo umount /mnt/ubuntusync

#查看启动盘符lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,MODEL,SERIAL,TYPE,MOUNTPOINTsudo fdisk -l /dev/sdX#设置目标盘变量DISK=/dev/sdX# 把新 NVMe 做成 GPT：ESP + ROOT#ESP 用 FAT32（UEFI 必须），ROOT 用 ext4sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y gdisk dosfstools e2fsprogssudo sgdisk -Z $DISK# 1) ESP 512MiBsudo sgdisk -n 1:1MiB:+512MiB -t 1:EF00 -c 1:ESP $DISK# 2) ROOT 剩余所有空间sudo sgdisk -n 2:0:0       -t 2:8300 -c 2:UBUNTU_ROOT $DISKsudo partprobe $DISKlsblk $DISK#格式化sudo mkfs.vfat -F32 -n ESP ${DISK}1sudo mkfs.ext4 -F -L ubuntu-root ${DISK}2#取 UUIDROOT_UUID=$(sudo blkid -s UUID -o value ${DISK}2)ESP_UUID=$(sudo blkid -s UUID -o value ${DISK}1)echo ROOT_UUID=$ROOT_UUIDecho ESP_UUID=$ESP_UUID

# 挂载到 /mnt/ubuntusudo mkdir -p /mnt/ubuntusudo mount ${DISK}2 /mnt/ubuntusudo mkdir -p /mnt/ubuntu/boot/efisudo mount ${DISK}1 /mnt/ubuntu/boot/efidf -hT /mnt/ubuntu /mnt/ubuntu/boot/efi# 在 amd64 机器上 debootstrap 出 arm64 Jammy rootfssudo apt install -y debootstrap qemu-user-static binfmt-support ca-certificates# 第一阶段（foreign）sudo debootstrap --arch=arm64 --foreign jammy /mnt/ubuntu http://ports.ubuntu.com/# 把 qemu 放进 rootfs，才能 chroot 执行 arm64 程序sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static /mnt/ubuntu/usr/bin/# 绑定必要目录sudo mount --bind /dev  /mnt/ubuntu/devsudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/ubuntu/procsudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/ubuntu/syssudo mount --bind /run  /mnt/ubuntu/runsudo cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/ubuntu/etc/resolv.conf# 进入 chroot 执行第二阶段sudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu /debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage

#进入 chrootsudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu /bin/bashcat > /etc/apt/sources.list <<'EOF'deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverseEOF#避免 sudo: unable toresolve hostecho d3000m-ubuntu > /etc/hostnamecat > /etc/hosts <<'EOF'127.0.0.1 localhost127.0.1.1 d3000m-ubuntuEOFexitROOT_UUID=$(sudo blkid -s UUID -o value ${DISK}2)ESP_UUID=$(sudo blkid -s UUID -o value ${DISK}1)echo ROOT_UUID=$ROOT_UUIDecho ESP_UUID=$ESP_UUID# fstab：根分区 + ESPcat > /etc/fstab <<EOFUUID=${ROOT_UUID}  /         ext4  defaults,noatime,errors=remount-ro  01UUID=${ESP_UUID}   /boot/efi  vfat  umask=007701EOF#ROOT_UUID和ESP_UUID根据实际替换#进入 chrootsudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu /bin/bash# 创建用户adduser zhaousermod -aG sudo zhaopasswd rootexit

sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y git build-essential bc bison flex \  libssl-dev libelf-dev libncurses-dev dwarves \  fakeroot dpkg-dev rsync xz-utils kmod cpio \  gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu binutils-aarch64-linux-gnu

cd ~git clone --branch linux-6.6 https://gitee.com/phytium_embedded/phytium-linux-kernel.gitcd phytium-linux-kernelmake ARCH=arm64 phytium_defconfigmake -j"$(nproc)" ARCH=arm64 \  CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- \  KBUILD_DEBARCH=arm64 \  bindeb-pkg#编完 deb 在上一级目录：ls -lh ../*.deb

sudo cp ../*.deb /mnt/ubuntu/root/sudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu /bin/bashcd /rootdpkg -i ./*.deb || apt -f install -y# 确认 /boot 有 vmlinuzls -lh /boot | egrep "vmlinuz|System.map|config" || trueexit

sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y grub-efi-arm64-bin grub-commonsudo grub-install \--target=arm64-efi \--efi-directory=/mnt/ubuntu/boot/efi \--boot-directory=/mnt/ubuntu/boot \--removable --no-nvram --rechecksudo ls -l /mnt/ubuntu/boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/BOOTAA64.EFI

KVER="6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+"ROOT_UUID=$(sudo blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/sdc2)sudo mkdir -p /mnt/ubuntu/boot/grubsudo tee /mnt/ubuntu/boot/grub/grub.cfg >/dev/null <<EOFsetdefault=0set timeout=5ROOT_PARTUUID=$(sudo blkid -s PARTUUID -o value ${DISK}2)ESP_PARTUUID=$(sudo blkid -s PARTUUID -o value ${DISK}1)echo ROOT_PARTUUID=$ROOT_PARTUUIDecho ESP_PARTUUID=$ESP_PARTUUIDecho ROOT_UUID=$ROOT_UUIDsudo mkdir -p /mnt/ubuntu/boot/grubsudo tee /mnt/ubuntu/boot/grub/grub.cfg >/dev/null <<EOFsetdefault=0set timeout_style=countdownset timeout=3insmod part_gptinsmod ext2search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root xxxxxxxxxxxxxxmenuentry "Ubuntu 22.04 (Phytium 6.6.63) (NVMe)" {    linux  /boot/vmlinuz-6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+ root=UUID=xxxxxxxxxxxxxx rw rootwait console=ttyAMA0,115200n8 console=tty0    initrd /boot/initrd.img-6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+}EOFxxxxxxxxxxxxxx为$ROOT_UUID

syncsudo umount -l /mnt/ubuntu/dev /mnt/ubuntu/proc /mnt/ubuntu/sys /mnt/ubuntu/runsudo umount -l /mnt/ubuntu/boot/efisudo umount -l /mnt/ubuntusyncsudo fsck.ext4 -f -y ${DISK}2

sudo ip link set enaphyt56i0 up# 清掉旧地址（没有也没关系）sudo ip addr flush dev enaphyt56i0# 配 IP/掩码sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.73/16 dev enaphyt56i0# 配默认路由sudo ip route replace default via 192.168.0.1 dev enaphyt56i0# 配 DNS（临时）sudo sh -c 'printf "nameserver 192.168.0.1\nnameserver 8.8.8.8\n" > /etc/resolv.conf'# 验证ip addr show enaphyt56i0ip routeping -c 3192.168.0.1ping -c 3192.168.1.78ping -c 38.8.8.8ping -c 3 ports.ubuntu.com

ls -lh /boot | egrep "vmlinuz|initrd|System.map|config" || trueuname -rsudo apt updatesudo apt install -y kmod initramfs-toolssudo update-initramfs -c -k6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+ls -lh /boot/initrd.img-6.6.63-phytium-embedded-v3.3+

sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y ubuntu-standard \  sudo vim less curl wget ca-certificates \  openssh-server network-manager \  iproute2 net-tools pciutils usbutils xdg-user-dirssudo systemctl enable--now sshsudo systemctl enable--now NetworkManager