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极简干货|一文搞懂 Python 生成器,高效又省内存

  • 2026-06-29 15:24:07
极简干货|一文搞懂 Python 生成器,高效又省内存
哈喽各位开发者～日常处理海量数据、大文件读取、循环压测时，是不是经常遇到内存占用高、程序卡顿的问题？Python 生成器，就是解决这类问题的轻量神器。
一、什么是生成器？
普通列表会一次性加载全部数据到内存；生成器采用惰性迭代，按需产出数据、用一个取一个，全程低内存消耗，还能实现无限数据流。
二、两种快速写法

1. yield 函数生成器

在函数中用yield替代 return，暂停并保存运行状态，迭代时继续执行。

2. 生成器表达式

列表推导式[]换成()，一行代码快速创建：
三、核心优势

1. 极度省内存：海量数据场景优势明显，避免内存溢出；

2. 支持无限生成：可循环产出序列，适配压测、长连接场景；

3. 写法简洁：语法简单，天然支持 for 循环遍历。

四、实用落地场景

  • 超大日志 / 文件逐行读取；

  • 性能测试：波浪序列、规律数据包动态生成；

  • 批量任务、接口分批请求，控制并发压力。

五、实际代码示例

总结
只要涉及大数据、循环流式数据、性能优化，优先使用生成器。低成本优化代码性能，告别臃肿列表，写出更优雅高效的 Python 代码。
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  139. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/runtime/temp/067d451b9a0c665040f3f1bdd3293d68.php ( 11.98 KB )
  140. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000781s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=f_mffb;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000818s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000338s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000273s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000494s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000186s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000572s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 489699 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000414s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1783043164 WHERE `id` = 489699 [ RunTime:0.004144s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 66 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000221s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 489699 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000426s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 489699 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000965s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 489699 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001045s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 489699 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.000898s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 489699 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.000748s ]
0.084474s