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Linux su命令切换用户时卡顿排查

  • 2026-06-24 17:36:53
Linux su命令切换用户时卡顿排查
问题说明：在登录Linux系统后，尝试切换用户到root下，但是会卡主很长一段时间。
在某监控平台上显示su命令io读写较大。
问题排查：
查询是否有异常的su进程

strace su - root

可以看到命令执行的调用详情，其中卡在这个文件的读取。
查看该文件的大小为6.7G
  • ‌btmp 文件用途‌：/var/log/btmp 是二进制文件，专门记录‌所有失败的登录尝试‌（包括 SSH、su、login 等），由 lastb 命令读取‌‌。虽然 su 命令不主动写入 btmp（失败的 su 认证通常记录在 /var/log/secure 中），但在某些系统中，PAM 可能会关联 btmp 内容用于安全审计或异常检测‌‌。
该环境映射了ssh到互联网，有大量的爆破失败记录写到btmp中所以造成文件写入较大，执行>/var/log/btmp清理该文件的内容后问题解决。
优化：取消ssh的外网映射，避免爆破记录暴增。
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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000727s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=f_mffb;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000984s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000336s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000324s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000513s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000227s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000638s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 490389 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000659s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1783114281 WHERE `id` = 490389 [ RunTime:0.011187s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 67 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.005938s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 490389 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000663s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 490389 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000490s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 490389 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.006997s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 490389 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.002712s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 490389 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.001069s ]
0.104801s