Python基础|53个Python数据分析常用函数总结

53个Python数据分析常用函数总结

1. print(): 打印输出给定的内容

print('Hello, world!')

Hello, world!

2. len():返回对象的长度或元素个数

string = 'Hello, World!'
length = len(string)
print(length)

13

3. input():接收用户输入并返回作为字符串

name = input("请输入您的姓名:")
print("您的姓名是: ", name)

请输入您的姓名: 李
您的姓名是:  李

4. range():生成一个指定范围内的整数序列

for num inrange(1,5):
print(num)

1
2
3
4

5. str():将对象转换为字符串

number = 42
string = str(number)
print(string)

42

6. int():将对象转换为整数

string = '42'
number = int(string)
print(number)

42

7. float():将对象转换为浮点数

string = '3.14'
number = float(string)
print(number)

3.14

8. type():返回对象的类型

number = 42
print(type(number))

<class 'int'>

9. list():将可迭代对象转换为列表

string = 'Hello'
char_list = list(string) 
print(char_list)

['H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']

10. tuple():将可迭代对象转换为元组

list_data = [1,2,8]
tuple_data = tuple(list_data)
print(tuple_data)

(1, 2, 8)

11. dict():创建一个字典对象

person = dict(name='Alice',age=25)
print(person)

{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}

12. set():创建一个集合对象

number = [1,2,3,4,2,1]
unique_numbers = set(number)
print(unique_numbers)

{1, 2, 3, 4}

13. sum():返回可迭代对象的总合

numbers = [1,2,3,2,1]
total = sum(numbers)
print(total)

9

14. max():返回可迭代对象的最大值

numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]
maxmum = max(numbers)
print(maxmum)

5

15. min():返回可迭代对象的最小值

numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]
minmum = min(numbers)
print(minmum)

1

16. abs():返回数值的绝对值

number = -42
absolute = abs(number)
print(absolute)

42

17. replace():替代字符串中的一些子串为另一些字

st = 'i want a apple'
st = st.replace('apple','nice')
print(st)

i want a nice

18. round():返回一个数值的四舍五入值

number = 3.1415926
rounded = round(number,2)
print(rounded)

3.14

19. strip():去除字符串前面和后面的空格

st = ' hello '
st = st.strip()
print(st+'end')

helloend

20. sorted():返回一个排序后的可迭代对象

number = [5,2,4,1,3]
sorted_numbers = sorted(numbers)
print(sorted_numbers)

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

21. reversed():返回一个反转的可迭代对象

number = [5,2,4,1,3]
reversed_numbers = list(reversed(numbers))
print(reversed_numbers)

[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

22. zip():将多个可迭代对象按索引位置组合成元组

names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'] 
ages = [25, 30, 35]
zipped = list(zip(names,ages))
print(zipped)

[('Alice', 25), ('Bob', 30), ('Charlie', 35)]

23. enumerate():返回可迭代对象中元素的索引和值

names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'] 
for index,name inenumerate(names):
print(f'Name at index {index}:{name}')

Name at index 0:Alice
Name at index 1:Bob
Name at index 2:Charlie

24.any():判断可迭代对象中是否存在任何为真的元素

numbers = [0,1,2,3]
print(any(numbers))

True

25. all():判断可迭代对象中所有元素是否都为真

numbers = [0,1,2,3]
print(any(numbers))

True

26. slice():返回一个切片对象，用于切片操作

numbers = [0,1,2,3,4,5]
sliced = numbers[slice(2,5)]
print(sliced)

[2, 3, 4]

27. isinstance(): 检查对象是否为指定类型的实例

number = 42
print(isinstance(number,int))

True

28. callable():检查对象是否可调用（函数、方法等）

defsay_hello():
print('Hello~')
print(callable(say_hello))

True

29. getattr():返回对象的属性值

classPerson:
    name = 'Alice'
person = Person()
name = getattr(person,'name')
print(name)

Alice

30. setattr():设置对象的属性值

classPerson:
    name = ''
person = Person()
setattr(person,'name','Alice')
print(person.name)

Alice

31. delattr():删除对象的属性

classPerson:
    name = 'Alice'
person = Person()
# delattr(person, 'name')
print(hasattr(person, 'name'))

True

32. pow():返回数值的指定次幂

result = pow(2,3)
print(result)

8

33. divmod():返回两个数值的商和余数

quotient,remainder = divmod(10,3)
print(quotient,remainder)

3 1

34. filter():使用函数过滤可迭代对象中的元素

numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]
even_numbers = list(filter(lambda X:X%2==0,numbers))
print(even_numbers)

[2, 4]

35. map():使用函数对可迭代对象中的每个元素进行映射

numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]
squared_numbers = list(map(lambda X:X**2,numbers))
print(squared_numbers)

[1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

36. reduce():使用函数对可迭代对象中的元素进行累积计算

from functools import reduce
numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]
product = reduce(lambda x,y:x*y,numbers)
print(product)

120

37. open():打开文件并返回文件对象

file = open('example.txt','r')
content = file.read()
print(content)
file.close()

38. close():关闭文件

file = open('example.txt','r')
content = file.read()
file.close()

39. read():读取文件内容

file = open('example.txt','r')
content = file.read()
print(content)
file.close()

40. write():将内容写入文件

file = open('example.txt','r')
file.write('Hello,world!')
file.close()

41. append():在列表末尾添加元素

numbers = [1,2,3]
numbers.append([4,4])
print(numbers)

[1, 2, 3, [4, 4]]

42. extent():将可迭代对象中的元素添加到列表末尾

numbers = [1,2,3]
more_numbers = [4,5,6]
numbers.extend(more_numbers)
print(numbers)

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

43. insert():在指定元素处插入元素

numbers = [1,2,3]
numbers.insert(1,4)
print(numbers)

[1, 4, 2, 3]

44. pop():移除并返回指定元素引处的元素

numbers = [1,2,3]
popped = numbers.pop(1)
print(popped)
print(numbers)

2
[1, 3]

45. remove():移除列表中第一个匹配的元素

numbers = [1,2,3,4]
numbers.remove(2)
print(numbers)

[1, 3, 4]

46. index():返回第一个匹配元素的索引

numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]
count = numbers.index(2)
print(count)

1

47. count():返回元素在列表中的出现次数

numbers = [1,2,3,4,2,6]
count = numbers.count(2)
print(count)

2

48. sort():对列表进行排序

numbers = [5,2,4,1,3]
numbers.sort()
print(numbers)

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

49. reverse():翻转列表的元素顺序

numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]
numbers.reverse()
print(numbers)

[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

50. random.random():生成随机数

import random
print(random.random())

0.6358348109001625

51. time.sleep():让程序停止

import time
time.sleep(5)
print('hello')

hello

52. listdirsd():显示当前目录文件

import os
path = r'/Users/kitty/Desktop'
dirs = os.listdir(path)
for file in dirs:
print(file)

Laboratory
kitty

53. chr():返回指定Unicode代码语字符

char = chr(65)
print(char)

A