绘制背景误差填充带（均值 ± 标准差）
ax.axvspan(mean_start - sd_start, mean_start + sd_start, color=start_colors['error_band'], alpha=0.5) ax.axvspan(mean_end - sd_end, mean_end + sd_end, color=end_colors['error_band'], alpha=0.5)
绘制连接线
# 创建从起点颜色到终点颜色的渐变色图 gradient_start_color = start_colors['outer'] gradient_end_color = end_colors['outer'] cmap_grad = LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list('grad', [gradient_start_color, gradient_end_color], N=256) # 逐行绘制连接线 for _, row in df.iterrows(): y = row['y'] # 确保矩形 x 范围从左到右（起点值到终点值） if row[val_col1] <= row[val_col2]: extent = (row[val_col1], row[val_col2], y - connector_height / 2, y + connector_height / 2) cmap_range = (0, 1) # 颜色映射范围：左端对应起点颜色，右端对应终点颜色 else: extent = (row[val_col2], row[val_col1], y - connector_height / 2, y + connector_height / 2) cmap_range = (1, 0) # 方向相反时翻转颜色范围 gradient_rect(ax, extent, cmap_grad, direction=0, cmap_range=cmap_range, alpha=0.9, zorder=2)
绘制起点和终点的圆点
for _, row in df.iterrows(): # 起点圆点 radial_gradient_circle(ax, row[val_col1], row['y'], dot_screen_radius_px, outer_color=start_colors['outer'], inner_color=start_colors['inner'], n_res=70, zorder=4, edgecolor=start_colors['edge'], edgewidth=1.5) # 终点圆点 radial_gradient_circle(ax, row[val_col2], row['y'], dot_screen_radius_px, outer_color=end_colors['outer'], inner_color=end_colors['inner'], n_res=70, zorder=4, edgecolor=end_colors['edge'], edgewidth=1.5)
添加数值标签（起点和终点的具体数值）
for _, row in df.iterrows(): # 起点数值标签（位于圆点上方） ax.text(row[val_col1], row['y'] + label_y_offset, f"{row[val_col1]:.1f}", va='bottom', ha='center', color=start_colors['label'], zorder=5) # 终点数值标签 ax.text(row[val_col2], row['y'] + label_y_offset, f"{row[val_col2]:.1f}", va='bottom', ha='center', color=end_colors['label'], zorder=5)
添加差值标签（变化量，显示在连接线中间）
for _, row in df.iterrows(): mid_x = (row[val_col1] + row[val_col2]) / 2 # 连接线中点 X 坐标 diff_val = row['diff'] # 正值显示 "+X.X"，负值显示 "-X.X" label = f"+{diff_val:.1f}" if diff_val > 0 else f"{diff_val:.1f}" ax.text(mid_x, row['y'] + diff_label_y_offset, label, va='bottom', ha='center', color=diff_color, zorder=6)
绘制均值垂直线（虚线）
ax.axvline(mean_start, linestyle='--', color=start_colors['mean'], alpha=0.7, label=f'{val_col1}均值 = {mean_start:.1f}') ax.axvline(mean_end, linestyle='--', color=end_colors['mean'], alpha=0.7, label=f'{val_col2}均值 = {mean_end:.1f}')
