Linux安装之后初步性能测试

sudo yum install sysbench iperf3 fio stress htop -y

CPU 性能测试

# 使用 sysbench 测试 CPU 计算能力
sysbench cpu --cpu-max-prime=20000 --threads=4 run

[root@localhost ~]# sysbench cpu --cpu-max-prime=20000 --threads=4 run
sysbench 1.0.17 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4)

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 4
Initializing random number generator from current time


Prime numbers limit: 20000

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

CPU speed:
    events per second:  1248.71

General statistics:
    total time:                          10.0020s
    total number of events:              12492

Latency (ms):
         min:                                    3.00
         avg:                                    3.20
         max:                                   21.28
         95th percentile:                        3.30
sum:                                39998.02

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           3123.0000/11.47
    execution time (avg/stddev):   9.9995/0.00

• • events per second：越高表示 CPU 计算性能越好
• • 测试中通过 top观察各核利用率是否均衡。

内存性能测试

# 测试内存带宽与延迟
sysbench memory \
  --memory-block-size=1K \
  --memory-total-size=100G \
  run

# 使用 stress 模拟高负载
stress --vm 4 --vm-bytes 2G --timeout 300s


[root@localhost ~]# sysbench memory \
>   --memory-block-size=1K \
>   --memory-total-size=100G \
>   run
sysbench 1.0.17 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4)

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time


Running memory speed test with the following options:
  block size: 1KiB
  total size: 102400MiB
  operation: write
  scope: global

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

Total operations: 38482740 (3847419.36 per second)

37580.80 MiB transferred (3757.25 MiB/sec)


General statistics:
    total time:                          10.0001s
    total number of events:              38482740

Latency (ms):
         min:                                    0.00
         avg:                                    0.00
         max:                                    0.20
         95th percentile:                        0.00
sum:                                 4191.24

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           38482740.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   4.1912/0.00

[root@localhost ~]# stress --vm 4 --vm-bytes 2G --timeout 300s
stress: info: [14253] dispatching hogs: 0 cpu, 0 io, 4 vm, 0 hdd
stress: info: [14253] successful run completed in 301s

• • MiB transferred和 Operations/s：越高表示内存性能越好
• • 测试期间用 vmstat 1监控是否发生频繁 swap（si/so 列）。

磁盘 I/O 性能测试

# 使用 fio 测试随机读（4K 块大小）
fio \
  --filename=/testfile \
  --size=1G \
  --ioengine=libaio \
  --direct=1 \
  --rw=randread \
  --bs=4k \
  --numjobs=4 \
  --runtime=60 \
  --group_reporting \
  --name=randread-test  


[root@localhost ~]# fio \
>   --filename=/testfile \
>   --size=1G \
>   --ioengine=libaio \
>   --direct=1 \
>   --rw=randread \
>   --bs=4k \
>   --numjobs=4 \
>   --runtime=60 \
>   --group_reporting \
>   --name=randread-test  # 添加必填的name参数
randread-test: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=1
...
fio-3.7
Starting 4 processes
randread-test: Laying out IO file (1 file / 1024MiB)
Jobs: 4 (f=4): [r(4)][100.0%][r=153MiB/s,w=0KiB/s][r=39.3k,w=0 IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
randread-test: (groupid=0, jobs=4): err= 0: pid=9221: Sat Aug  9 21:32:57 2025
read: IOPS=39.1k, BW=153MiB/s (160MB/s)(4096MiB/26797msec)
    slat (usec): min=6, max=170, avg=12.27, stdev= 3.93
    clat (usec): min=2, max=9579, avg=85.56, stdev=48.43
     lat (usec): min=62, max=9596, avg=98.84, stdev=48.67
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   60],  5.00th=[   64], 10.00th=[   67], 20.00th=[   75],
     | 30.00th=[   83], 40.00th=[   85], 50.00th=[   86], 60.00th=[   88],
     | 70.00th=[   90], 80.00th=[   92], 90.00th=[   97], 95.00th=[  101],
     | 99.00th=[  123], 99.50th=[  135], 99.90th=[  314], 99.95th=[  742],
     | 99.99th=[ 2040]
   bw (  KiB/s): min=35752, max=40360, per=25.01%, avg=39140.49, stdev=850.43, samples=212
   iops        : min= 8938, max=10090, avg=9785.11, stdev=212.59, samples=212
  lat (usec)   : 4=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.08%, 100=94.17%, 250=5.63%
  lat (usec)   : 500=0.06%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
  lat (msec)   : 2=0.03%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=5.83%, sys=19.13%, ctx=1048734, majf=0, minf=143
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued rwts: total=1048576,0,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: bw=153MiB/s (160MB/s), 153MiB/s-153MiB/s (160MB/s-160MB/s), io=4096MiB (4295MB), run=26797-26797msec

Disk stats (read/write):
    dm-0: ios=1040413/39, merge=0/0, ticks=86243/236, in_queue=86563, util=99.64%, aggrios=1048580/51, aggrmerge=0/3, aggrticks=87550/235, aggrin_queue=87528, aggrutil=99.54%
  sda: ios=1048580/51, merge=0/3, ticks=87550/235, in_queue=87528, util=99.54%

• • --rw=read/randwrite：测试顺序读/随机写
• • --numjobs：模拟并发 I/O 任务数。结果关注：
• • IOPS和 BW (MB/s)：越高表示磁盘性能越好

网络性能测试

# 服务端启动（目标机器）
iperf3 -s

# 客户端测试（另一台机器）
[root@mypg1 ~]# iperf3 -c 192.168.0.37 -t 5 -P 4
Connecting to host 192.168.0.37, port 5201
[  4] local 192.168.185.71 port 43184 connected to 192.168.0.37 port 5201
[  6] local 192.168.185.71 port 43186 connected to 192.168.0.37 port 5201
[  8] local 192.168.185.71 port 43188 connected to 192.168.0.37 port 5201
[ 10] local 192.168.185.71 port 43190 connected to 192.168.0.37 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr  Cwnd
[  4]   0.00-1.00   sec  3.60 MBytes  30.2 Mbits/sec    0   67.0 KBytes       
[  6]   0.00-1.00   sec  3.08 MBytes  25.8 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[  8]   0.00-1.00   sec  3.26 MBytes  27.4 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[ 10]   0.00-1.00   sec  3.29 MBytes  27.6 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[SUM]   0.00-1.00   sec  13.2 MBytes   111 Mbits/sec    0             
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[  4]   1.00-2.00   sec  3.22 MBytes  27.0 Mbits/sec    0   67.0 KBytes       
[  6]   1.00-2.00   sec  1.84 MBytes  15.4 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[  8]   1.00-2.00   sec  3.22 MBytes  27.0 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[ 10]   1.00-2.00   sec  2.76 MBytes  23.1 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[SUM]   1.00-2.00   sec  11.0 MBytes  92.5 Mbits/sec    0             
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[  4]   2.00-3.00   sec  3.06 MBytes  25.7 Mbits/sec    0   67.0 KBytes       
[  6]   2.00-3.00   sec  2.30 MBytes  19.3 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[  8]   2.00-3.00   sec  3.22 MBytes  27.0 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[ 10]   2.00-3.00   sec  2.91 MBytes  24.4 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[SUM]   2.00-3.00   sec  11.5 MBytes  96.4 Mbits/sec    0             
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[  4]   3.00-4.00   sec  2.91 MBytes  24.4 Mbits/sec    0   67.0 KBytes       
[  6]   3.00-4.00   sec  2.30 MBytes  19.3 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[  8]   3.00-4.00   sec  3.06 MBytes  25.7 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[ 10]   3.00-4.00   sec  2.76 MBytes  23.1 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[SUM]   3.00-4.00   sec  11.0 MBytes  92.5 Mbits/sec    0             
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[  4]   4.00-5.00   sec  2.91 MBytes  24.4 Mbits/sec    0   67.0 KBytes       
[  6]   4.00-5.00   sec  2.45 MBytes  20.6 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[  8]   4.00-5.00   sec  3.06 MBytes  25.7 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[ 10]   4.00-5.00   sec  2.76 MBytes  23.1 Mbits/sec    0   65.6 KBytes       
[SUM]   4.00-5.00   sec  11.2 MBytes  93.8 Mbits/sec    0             
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr
[  4]   0.00-5.00   sec  15.7 MBytes  26.3 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  4]   0.00-5.00   sec  15.0 MBytes  25.2 Mbits/sec                  receiver
[  6]   0.00-5.00   sec  12.0 MBytes  20.1 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  6]   0.00-5.00   sec  11.3 MBytes  18.9 Mbits/sec                  receiver
[  8]   0.00-5.00   sec  15.8 MBytes  26.5 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  8]   0.00-5.00   sec  15.1 MBytes  25.3 Mbits/sec                  receiver
[ 10]   0.00-5.00   sec  14.5 MBytes  24.3 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[ 10]   0.00-5.00   sec  13.8 MBytes  23.2 Mbits/sec                  receiver
[SUM]   0.00-5.00   sec  58.0 MBytes  97.2 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[SUM]   0.00-5.00   sec  55.2 MBytes  92.6 Mbits/sec                  receiver

iperf Done.

Sender/Receiver Bandwidth：接近千兆（1Gbps）为正常

HTTP 服务测试（如部署 Web 服务）

ab -c 100 -n 5000 http://<本地IP>/  # 测试 Apache/Nginx 并发处理能力