import tkinter as tkfrom tkinter import ttk, scrolledtext, messagebox, filedialog, colorchooserimport datetimeimport jsonimport osclass SmartMemoApp: def __init__(self): # 第1篇内容：创建主窗口 self.window = tk.Tk() self.window.title("智能备忘录 v1.0") self.window.geometry("1000x700+200+100") # 全局变量 self.current_file = None self.font_size = 12 self.text_color = "black" self.bg_color = "white" self.memos = [] # 初始化UI - 注意顺序：先创建组件，再设置菜单 self.setup_toolbar() # 第7篇：工具栏 self.setup_main_area() # 第2-6篇：主区域布局和组件（这里创建text_editor） self.setup_menu() # 第7篇：菜单系统（现在可以访问text_editor） self.setup_statusbar() # 状态栏 # 绑定事件 self.bind_events() def setup_menu(self): """设置菜单系统 - 第7篇内容""" menubar = tk.Menu(self.window) # 文件菜单 file_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0) file_menu.add_command(label="新建", accelerator="Ctrl+N", command=self.new_file) file_menu.add_command(label="打开", accelerator="Ctrl+O", command=self.open_file) file_menu.add_command(label="保存", accelerator="Ctrl+S", command=self.save_file) file_menu.add_command(label="另存为", command=self.save_as) file_menu.add_separator() file_menu.add_command(label="导出为JSON", command=self.export_json) file_menu.add_separator() file_menu.add_command(label="退出", command=self.quit_app) menubar.add_cascade(label="文件", menu=file_menu) # 编辑菜单 edit_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0) edit_menu.add_command(label="撤销", accelerator="Ctrl+Z", command=self.undo_text) edit_menu.add_command(label="重做", accelerator="Ctrl+Y", command=self.redo_text) edit_menu.add_separator() edit_menu.add_command(label="剪切", accelerator="Ctrl+X", command=self.cut_text) edit_menu.add_command(label="复制", accelerator="Ctrl+C", command=self.copy_text) edit_menu.add_command(label="粘贴", accelerator="Ctrl+V", command=self.paste_text) edit_menu.add_separator() edit_menu.add_command(label="查找", accelerator="Ctrl+F", command=self.find_text) edit_menu.add_command(label="替换", accelerator="Ctrl+H", command=self.replace_text) menubar.add_cascade(label="编辑", menu=edit_menu) # 格式菜单 format_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0) format_menu.add_command(label="字体颜色", command=self.change_text_color) format_menu.add_command(label="背景颜色", command=self.change_bg_color) format_menu.add_separator() # 字体大小子菜单 size_menu = tk.Menu(format_menu, tearoff=0) for size in [10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24]: size_menu.add_command( label=f"{size}pt", command=lambda s=size: self.change_font_size(s) ) format_menu.add_cascade(label="字体大小", menu=size_menu) menubar.add_cascade(label="格式", menu=format_menu) # 视图菜单 view_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0) self.sidebar_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=True) self.statusbar_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=True) view_menu.add_checkbutton(label="显示侧边栏", variable=self.sidebar_var, command=self.toggle_sidebar) view_menu.add_checkbutton(label="显示状态栏", variable=self.statusbar_var, command=self.toggle_statusbar) menubar.add_cascade(label="视图", menu=view_menu) # 帮助菜单 help_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0) help_menu.add_command(label="使用说明", command=self.show_help) help_menu.add_command(label="关于", command=self.show_about) menubar.add_cascade(label="帮助", menu=help_menu) self.window.config(menu=menubar) # 第7篇：右键弹出菜单 self.setup_context_menu() def setup_context_menu(self): """设置右键菜单""" self.context_menu = tk.Menu(self.window, tearoff=0) self.context_menu.add_command(label="剪切", command=self.cut_text) self.context_menu.add_command(label="复制", command=self.copy_text) self.context_menu.add_command(label="粘贴", command=self.paste_text) self.context_menu.add_separator() self.context_menu.add_command(label="全选", command=self.select_all) # 绑定右键事件 self.text_editor.bind("<Button-3>", self.show_context_menu) def show_context_menu(self, event): """显示右键菜单""" try: self.context_menu.tk_popup(event.x_root, event.y_root) finally: self.context_menu.grab_release() def undo_text(self): """撤销""" try: self.text_editor.edit_undo() except: pass def redo_text(self): """重做""" try: self.text_editor.edit_redo() except: pass def cut_text(self): """剪切""" self.text_editor.event_generate("<<Cut>>") def copy_text(self): """复制""" self.text_editor.event_generate("<<Copy>>") def paste_text(self): """粘贴""" self.text_editor.event_generate("<<Paste>>") def select_all(self): """全选""" self.text_editor.tag_add('sel', '1.0', 'end') def setup_toolbar(self): """设置工具栏 - 第7篇内容""" toolbar = tk.Frame(self.window, relief=tk.RAISED, bd=1) toolbar.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X) # 工具栏按钮 buttons = [ ("📄", "新建", self.new_file), ("📂", "打开", self.open_file), ("💾", "保存", self.save_file), ("🔍", "查找", self.find_text), ("✂️", "剪切", self.cut_text), ("📋", "复制", self.copy_text), ("📝", "粘贴", self.paste_text), ("🎨", "颜色", self.change_text_color), ("🗑️", "清空", self.clear_text) ] for icon, tooltip, command in buttons: btn = tk.Button(toolbar, text=icon, command=command, relief=tk.FLAT, width=3, font=("Arial", 12)) btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2, pady=2) # 简单工具提示 self.create_tooltip(btn, tooltip) # 添加一个分隔符 tk.Label(toolbar, text="|").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) # 添加字体大小选择 - 第6篇：Spinbox组件 tk.Label(toolbar, text="字体大小:").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2) self.size_spin = tk.Spinbox( toolbar, from_=8, to=72, width=5, validate='key', validatecommand=(self.window.register(self.validate_spinbox), '%P') ) self.size_spin.delete(0, tk.END) self.size_spin.insert(0, str(self.font_size)) self.size_spin.bind("<<Increment>>", lambda e: self.on_font_size_change()) self.size_spin.bind("<<Decrement>>", lambda e: self.on_font_size_change()) self.size_spin.bind("<Return>", lambda e: self.on_font_size_change()) self.size_spin.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2) def validate_spinbox(self, value): """验证Spinbox输入""" if value == "": return True try: int_value = int(value) return 8 <= int_value <= 72 except ValueError: return False def create_tooltip(self, widget, text): """创建简单的工具提示""" def show_tip(event): tip = tk.Toplevel() tip.wm_overrideredirect(True) tip.wm_geometry(f"+{event.x_root + 10}+{event.y_root + 10}") label = tk.Label(tip, text=text, background="yellow", relief=tk.SOLID, borderwidth=1) label.pack() widget.tip_window = tip def hide_tip(event): if hasattr(widget, 'tip_window'): widget.tip_window.destroy() delattr(widget, 'tip_window') widget.bind("<Enter>", show_tip) widget.bind("<Leave>", hide_tip) def setup_main_area(self): """设置主区域 - 使用多种布局管理器""" # 主容器 - 第6篇：Frame容器 main_container = tk.Frame(self.window) main_container.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5) # 第6篇：PanedWindow - 可调节左右面板 self.paned = tk.PanedWindow(main_container, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, sashrelief=tk.RAISED) self.paned.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) # 左侧面板 - 第2篇：使用pack布局 left_panel = tk.Frame(self.paned, relief=tk.SUNKEN, bd=1) # 第6篇：LabelFrame - 备忘录列表 memo_frame = tk.LabelFrame(left_panel, text="备忘录列表", padx=5, pady=5) memo_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5) # 第5篇：Listbox组件 self.memo_listbox = tk.Listbox(memo_frame, selectmode=tk.SINGLE) self.memo_listbox.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) # 第4篇：Scrollbar组件 memo_scroll = tk.Scrollbar(memo_frame) memo_scroll.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y) self.memo_listbox.config(yscrollcommand=memo_scroll.set) memo_scroll.config(command=self.memo_listbox.yview) # 备忘录操作按钮 memo_btn_frame = tk.Frame(left_panel) memo_btn_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5) tk.Button(memo_btn_frame, text="新建备忘录", command=self.add_memo, width=12).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2) tk.Button(memo_btn_frame, text="删除", command=self.delete_memo, width=12).pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=2) # 第5篇：Radiobutton - 优先级选择 priority_frame = tk.LabelFrame(left_panel, text="优先级", padx=5, pady=5) priority_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5) self.priority_var = tk.StringVar(value="medium") priorities = [("高", "high"), ("中", "medium"), ("低", "low")] for text, value in priorities: rb = tk.Radiobutton(priority_frame, text=text, variable=self.priority_var, value=value, command=self.on_priority_change) rb.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=10) # 第5篇：Checkbutton - 选项设置 options_frame = tk.LabelFrame(left_panel, text="选项", padx=5, pady=5) options_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5) self.auto_save_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=False) self.spell_check_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=True) tk.Checkbutton(options_frame, text="自动保存", variable=self.auto_save_var).pack(anchor=tk.W) tk.Checkbutton(options_frame, text="拼写检查", variable=self.spell_check_var).pack(anchor=tk.W) # 第5篇：Combobox - 分类选择（使用ttk） category_frame = tk.LabelFrame(left_panel, text="分类", padx=5, pady=5) category_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5) self.category_combo = ttk.Combobox(category_frame, values=["工作", "学习", "生活", "购物", "其他"]) self.category_combo.set("工作") self.category_combo.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=2) # 第6篇：Scale组件 - 文本透明度 opacity_frame = tk.LabelFrame(left_panel, text="窗口透明度", padx=5, pady=5) opacity_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5) self.opacity_scale = tk.Scale(opacity_frame, from_=30, to=100, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, showvalue=True) self.opacity_scale.set(100) self.opacity_scale.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=2) self.opacity_scale.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.on_opacity_change) # 添加左侧面板到PanedWindow self.paned.add(left_panel, width=250) # 右侧面板 - 文本编辑区 right_panel = tk.Frame(self.paned) # 第4篇：Text组件与Scrollbar - 主文本编辑器 text_frame = tk.Frame(right_panel) text_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) # 创建ScrolledText（已包含滚动条） self.text_editor = scrolledtext.ScrolledText( text_frame, wrap=tk.WORD, font=("微软雅黑", self.font_size), bg=self.bg_color, fg=self.text_color, undo=True # 启用撤销功能 ) self.text_editor.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) # 添加一些初始文本 self.text_editor.insert(tk.END, "欢迎使用智能备忘录！\n\n") self.text_editor.insert(tk.END, "功能特点：\n") self.text_editor.insert(tk.END, "1. 支持多种文本格式\n") self.text_editor.insert(tk.END, "2. 备忘录分类管理\n") self.text_editor.insert(tk.END, "3. 自动保存选项\n") self.text_editor.insert(tk.END, "4. 优先级标记\n") # 第2篇：使用grid布局 - 信息显示区 info_frame = tk.Frame(right_panel, relief=tk.SUNKEN, bd=1) info_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=(5, 0)) # 使用grid布局管理器 tk.Label(info_frame, text="字数:").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=2, sticky=tk.W) self.word_count_label = tk.Label(info_frame, text="0", fg="blue") self.word_count_label.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=2, sticky=tk.W) tk.Label(info_frame, text="行数:").grid(row=0, column=2, padx=20, pady=2, sticky=tk.W) self.line_count_label = tk.Label(info_frame, text="1", fg="blue") self.line_count_label.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5, pady=2, sticky=tk.W) tk.Label(info_frame, text="创建时间:").grid(row=0, column=4, padx=20, pady=2, sticky=tk.W) self.time_label = tk.Label(info_frame, text=datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")) self.time_label.grid(row=0, column=5, padx=5, pady=2, sticky=tk.W) # 添加右侧面板到PanedWindow self.paned.add(right_panel) def setup_statusbar(self): """设置状态栏""" self.statusbar = tk.Label(self.window, text="就绪", bd=1, relief=tk.SUNKEN, anchor=tk.W) self.statusbar.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.X) def bind_events(self): """绑定事件""" # 文本变化事件 self.text_editor.bind("<<Modified>>", self.on_text_change) # 快捷键绑定 self.window.bind("<Control-n>", lambda e: self.new_file()) self.window.bind("<Control-o>", lambda e: self.open_file()) self.window.bind("<Control-s>", lambda e: self.save_file()) self.window.bind("<Control-f>", lambda e: self.find_text()) # 窗口关闭事件 self.window.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.quit_app) # =================== 功能方法 =================== def on_text_change(self, event=None): """文本变化时的处理""" # 更新字数统计 content = self.text_editor.get("1.0", tk.END) words = content.strip().split() word_count = len(words) line_count = int(self.text_editor.index('end').split('.')[0]) - 1 self.word_count_label.config(text=str(word_count)) self.line_count_label.config(text=str(line_count)) # 如果是修改事件，需要重置modified标志 if event: self.text_editor.edit_modified(False) def on_font_size_change(self, event=None): """字体大小改变""" try: self.font_size = int(self.size_spin.get()) self.text_editor.config(font=("微软雅黑", self.font_size)) self.statusbar.config(text=f"字体大小已改为: {self.font_size}pt") except ValueError: # 如果输入无效，恢复原值 self.size_spin.delete(0, tk.END) self.size_spin.insert(0, str(self.font_size)) def on_priority_change(self): """优先级改变""" priority_map = {"high": "高", "medium": "中", "low": "低"} self.statusbar.config(text=f"优先级: {priority_map[self.priority_var.get()]}") def on_opacity_change(self, event=None): """透明度改变""" opacity = self.opacity_scale.get() / 100 self.window.attributes('-alpha', opacity) self.statusbar.config(text=f"窗口透明度: {self.opacity_scale.get()}%") def toggle_sidebar(self): """切换侧边栏显示""" if self.sidebar_var.get(): self.paned.pane(0).pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) else: self.paned.pane(0).pack_forget() def toggle_statusbar(self): """切换状态栏显示""" if self.statusbar_var.get(): self.statusbar.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.X) else: self.statusbar.pack_forget() def change_text_color(self): """改变文本颜色 - 使用颜色对话框""" color = colorchooser.askcolor(title="选择文本颜色", initialcolor=self.text_color)[1] if color: self.text_color = color self.text_editor.config(fg=color) self.statusbar.config(text=f"文本颜色已改为: {color}") def change_bg_color(self): """改变背景颜色""" color = colorchooser.askcolor(title="选择背景颜色", initialcolor=self.bg_color)[1] if color: self.bg_color = color self.text_editor.config(bg=color) self.statusbar.config(text=f"背景颜色已改为: {color}") def change_font_size(self, size): """改变字体大小""" self.font_size = size self.text_editor.config(font=("微软雅黑", size)) self.size_spin.delete(0, tk.END) self.size_spin.insert(0, str(size)) self.statusbar.config(text=f"字体大小已改为: {size}pt") def add_memo(self): """添加新备忘录""" memo_name = f"备忘录 {len(self.memos) + 1}" self.memos.append({ "name": memo_name, "content": "", "priority": self.priority_var.get(), "category": self.category_combo.get(), "time": datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") }) self.memo_listbox.insert(tk.END, memo_name) self.statusbar.config(text=f"已添加: {memo_name}") def delete_memo(self): """删除选中的备忘录""" selection = self.memo_listbox.curselection() if selection: index = selection[0] memo_name = self.memo_listbox.get(index) self.memo_listbox.delete(index) if index < len(self.memos): self.memos.pop(index) self.statusbar.config(text=f"已删除: {memo_name}") else: messagebox.showinfo("提示", "请先选择一个备忘录") def clear_text(self): """清空文本编辑器""" if messagebox.askyesno("确认", "确定要清空所有文本吗？"): self.text_editor.delete("1.0", tk.END) self.statusbar.config(text="文本已清空") def new_file(self): """新建文件""" if self.text_editor.edit_modified(): if not messagebox.askyesno("保存", "当前内容未保存，是否保存？"): return self.save_file() self.text_editor.delete("1.0", tk.END) self.current_file = None self.window.title("智能备忘录 v1.0 - 未命名") self.statusbar.config(text="已创建新文档") def open_file(self): """打开文件""" file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename( title="打开文件", filetypes=[("文本文件", "*.txt"), ("所有文件", "*.*")] ) if file_path: try: with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f: content = f.read() self.text_editor.delete("1.0", tk.END) self.text_editor.insert(tk.END, content) self.current_file = file_path self.window.title(f"智能备忘录 v1.0 - {os.path.basename(file_path)}") self.statusbar.config(text=f"已打开: {file_path}") except Exception as e: messagebox.showerror("错误", f"无法打开文件: {str(e)}") def save_file(self): """保存文件""" if self.current_file: self.save_to_file(self.current_file) else: self.save_as() def save_as(self): """另存为""" file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename( title="保存文件", defaultextension=".txt", filetypes=[("文本文件", "*.txt"), ("所有文件", "*.*")] ) if file_path: self.save_to_file(file_path) self.current_file = file_path self.window.title(f"智能备忘录 v1.0 - {os.path.basename(file_path)}") def save_to_file(self, file_path): """保存内容到文件""" try: content = self.text_editor.get("1.0", tk.END) with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(content) self.text_editor.edit_modified(False) self.statusbar.config(text=f"已保存: {file_path}") except Exception as e: messagebox.showerror("错误", f"保存失败: {str(e)}") def export_json(self): """导出为JSON""" file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename( title="导出JSON", defaultextension=".json", filetypes=[("JSON文件", "*.json"), ("所有文件", "*.*")] ) if file_path: try: data = { "content": self.text_editor.get("1.0", tk.END).strip(), "memos": self.memos, "settings": { "font_size": self.font_size, "text_color": self.text_color, "bg_color": self.bg_color, "priority": self.priority_var.get(), "category": self.category_combo.get() }, "export_time": datetime.datetime.now().isoformat() } with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: json.dump(data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2) self.statusbar.config(text=f"已导出: {file_path}") except Exception as e: messagebox.showerror("错误", f"导出失败: {str(e)}") def find_text(self): """查找文本""" # 创建查找对话框 find_dialog = tk.Toplevel(self.window) find_dialog.title("查找") find_dialog.geometry("300x150") find_dialog.transient(self.window) tk.Label(find_dialog, text="查找内容:").pack(pady=5) find_entry = tk.Entry(find_dialog, width=30) find_entry.pack(pady=5) find_entry.focus() def do_find(): text_to_find = find_entry.get() if text_to_find: content = self.text_editor.get("1.0", tk.END) if text_to_find in content: self.text_editor.tag_remove("found", "1.0", tk.END) start_pos = "1.0" while True: start_pos = self.text_editor.search(text_to_find, start_pos, stopindex=tk.END) if not start_pos: break end_pos = f"{start_pos}+{len(text_to_find)}c" self.text_editor.tag_add("found", start_pos, end_pos) start_pos = end_pos self.text_editor.tag_config("found", background="yellow") self.statusbar.config(text=f"找到 '{text_to_find}'") find_dialog.destroy() else: messagebox.showinfo("查找", "未找到指定文本") tk.Button(find_dialog, text="查找", command=do_find, width=10).pack(pady=10) def replace_text(self): """替换文本 - 第9篇：对话框""" # 创建替换对话框 replace_dialog = tk.Toplevel(self.window) replace_dialog.title("替换") replace_dialog.geometry("300x200") tk.Label(replace_dialog, text="查找内容:").pack(pady=5) find_entry = tk.Entry(replace_dialog, width=30) find_entry.pack(pady=5) tk.Label(replace_dialog, text="替换为:").pack(pady=5) replace_entry = tk.Entry(replace_dialog, width=30) replace_entry.pack(pady=5) def do_replace(): find_text = find_entry.get() replace_text = replace_entry.get() if find_text: content = self.text_editor.get("1.0", tk.END) new_content = content.replace(find_text, replace_text) self.text_editor.delete("1.0", tk.END) self.text_editor.insert(tk.END, new_content) self.statusbar.config(text=f"已替换 '{find_text}' 为 '{replace_text}'") replace_dialog.destroy() tk.Button(replace_dialog, text="替换", command=do_replace, width=10).pack(pady=10) def show_help(self): """显示帮助""" help_text = """智能备忘录使用说明：1. 文件操作： - 新建：Ctrl+N - 打开：Ctrl+O - 保存：Ctrl+S2. 编辑操作： - 查找：Ctrl+F - 替换：Ctrl+H3. 备忘录管理： - 左侧面板可以管理多个备忘录 - 设置优先级和分类4. 格式设置： - 通过格式菜单调整字体和颜色 - 使用工具栏快速操作""" help_window = tk.Toplevel(self.window) help_window.title("使用说明") help_window.geometry("500x400") text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(help_window, wrap=tk.WORD) text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=10) text.insert(tk.END, help_text) text.config(state=tk.DISABLED) def show_about(self): """显示关于对话框""" about_text = """智能备忘录 v1.0一个综合的tkinter学习案例包含所有主要GUI组件：✓ 窗口和布局管理✓ 菜单和工具栏✓ 文本编辑和滚动条✓ 各种选择组件✓ 对话框和消息框✓ 事件处理和绑定作者：只会写BUG的程序猿学习tkinter的最佳实践案例""" messagebox.showinfo("关于", about_text) def quit_app(self): """退出应用""" if self.text_editor.edit_modified(): response = messagebox.askyesnocancel("保存", "当前内容未保存，是否保存？") if response is None: # 取消 return elif response: # 是 self.save_file() self.window.destroy() def run(self): """运行应用""" self.window.mainloop()# =================== 主程序 ===================if __name__ == "__main__": app = SmartMemoApp() app.run()
