用python制作折线图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 年份

years = [2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024]

# GDP增长率

gdp_growth_rate = [7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.7, 6, 2.2, 8.4, 3, 5.2, 5.0]

# 公司销售额

company_sales = [50, 55, 60, 62, 65, 60, 70, 72, 75, 80]

# 失业率

unemployment_rate = [None, None, None, 4.9, 5.2, 5.2, 5.1, 5.6, 5.2, 5.1]

# 处理None值

unemployment_rate = [x if x is not None else 0 for x in unemployment_rate]

# 公司订单量

company_orders = [10, 12, 13, 12.5, 13.5, 12, 14, 13.8, 14.5, 15]

# 设置中文字体

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

# 解决负号显示问题

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

# 绘制GDP增长率和公司销售额折线图

fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()

line1 = ax1.plot(years, gdp_growth_rate, label='GDP增长率', color='blue')

line2 = ax1.plot(years, company_sales, label='公司销售额', color='red')

ax1.set_xlabel('年份')

ax1.set_ylabel('GDP增长率（%）/公司销售额（亿元）', color='black')

# 绘制失业率和公司订单量折线图，使用双坐标轴

ax2 = ax1.twinx()

line3 = ax2.plot(years, unemployment_rate, label='失业率', color='green')

line4 = ax2.plot(years, company_orders, label='公司订单量', color='yellow')

ax2.set_ylabel('失业率（%）/公司订单量', color='black')

# 设置标题

plt.title('过去10年经济因素与公司业务关系')

# 合并图例

lines1 = line1 + line2 

labels1 = [l.get_label() for l in lines1]

ax1.legend(lines1, labels1, loc='upper left')

lines2 = line3 + line4

labels2 = [l.get_label() for l in lines2]

ax2.legend(lines2, labels2,bbox_to_anchor=(1, 0.85))

# 显示图形

plt.tight_layout()

plt.show()