Python 3 是一种高级、解释型、面向对象的通用编程语言,以其简洁清晰的语法、强大的功能和广泛的应用领域而著称。CentOS 7.9 系统默认自带的 Python 版本是 Python 2.7.5。该版本是系统安装时预装的,主要用于支持系统工具(如 yum)的运行。由于 Python 2.7 已于 2020 年停止官方支持,因此在 CentOS 7.9 上通常需要手动安装 Python 3 版本以满足现代开发需求。今天主要简单介绍在centos7系统中如何安装python3环境。
#安装python3之前需要先安装必要的系统依赖sudo yum -y install openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel gcc*sudo yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools"sudo yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel gcc-c++#安装python3之前先升级openssl版本wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1g.tar.gztar -zxvf openssl-1.1.1g.tar.gzcd openssl-1.1.1g/./config --prefix=/usr/local/opensslmakemake installmv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.oldmv /usr/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl.oldln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/opensslln -s /usr/local/openssl/include/openssl /usr/include/opensslecho "/usr/local/openssl/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.confldconfig
#开始安装python3,以3.11.0版本为例,安装文件需要自己下载wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.0/Python-3.11.0.tgzmkdir -p /usr/local/python3#将下载好的安装文件解压到任意目录,然后进入解压后的目录编译安装python3tar -xzf Python-3.11.0.tgzcd Python-3.11.0./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl --enable-shared --enable-optimizationsmake -j $(nproc) make altinstall #安装结束,更新软连接ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.11 /usr/bin/python3 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3