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Linux系统下dd命令详解

  • 2026-07-04 02:34:01
Linux系统下dd命令详解

目录

    • 简介
    • 参数详解
    • 实例操作

简介

dd命令可以标准输入或文件中读取数据，根据指定的格式来转换数据，再输出到文件、设备或标准输出，常用于刻录启动光盘、备份硬盘文件和格式化硬盘数据等操作。

参数详解

参数
解析
if=文件名
输入文件名，缺省为标准输入。即指定源文件。< if=input file >
of=文件名
输出文件名，缺省为标准输出。即指定目的文件。< of=output file >
ibs=bytes
一次读入bytes个字节，即指定一个块大小为bytes个字节。
obs=bytes
一次输出bytes个字节，即指定一个块大小为bytes个字节。
bs=bytes
同时设置读入/输出的块大小为bytes个字节。
cbs=bytes
一次转换bytes个字节，即指定转换缓冲区大小。
skip=blocks
从输入文件开头跳过blocks个块后再开始复制。
seek=blocks
从输出文件开头跳过blocks个块后再开始复制，注意通常只用当输出文件是磁盘或磁带时才有效，即备份到磁盘或磁带时才有效。
count=blocks
仅拷贝blocks个块，块大小等于ibs指定的字节数。
conv=conversion
用指定的参数转换文件。
ascii
转换ebcdic为ascii
ebcdic
转换ascii为ebcdic
ibm
转换ascii为alternate ebcdic
block
把每一行转换为长度为cbs，不足部分用空格填充
unblock
使每一行的长度都为cbs，不足部分用空格填充
lcase
把大写字符转换为小写字符
ucase
把小写字符转换为大写字符
swap
交换输入的每对字节
noerror
出错时不停止
notrunc
不截短输出文件
sync
将每个输入块填充到ibs个字节，不足部分用空（NUL）字符补齐

实例操作

1、将sda硬盘数据备份到sdb上：

dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb

2、备份硬盘引导分区表：

dd if=/dev/sda of=/mnt/sda.mbr bs=512 count=1注意前446字节为mbr，446-512为磁盘分区表

3、刻录系统启动u盘：

dd  if=/xxx_20210428.iso of=/dev/sdb1 注意如为光盘则of=/dev/cdrom，同时u盘设备要根据系统识别的设备号进行确定。

4、格式化硬盘数据：

dd if=dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1k count=3000
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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000859s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=f_mffb;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001529s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.004280s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.045293s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001753s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000800s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.001840s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 487853 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.026423s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1783139485 WHERE `id` = 487853 [ RunTime:0.014539s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 67 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.017845s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 487853 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.007186s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 487853 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.026186s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 487853 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.093039s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 487853 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.024055s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 487853 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.047642s ]
0.523242s