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Linux辨别网卡IP地址是动态(DHCP获取)还是静态方法

  • 2026-08-18 23:10:33
Linux辨别网卡IP地址是动态(DHCP获取)还是静态方法
这篇文章的创作动力来自于一个客户的灵魂发问，事情是这样的。前几天于某地一公司的自动化仓储项目，给客户部署应用系统的基础环境。在部署数据库高可用架构时找客户要IP地址规划表，甲方客户说我们这里IP都是自动获取的啊，于是我只能给客户解释说服务器为什么要用固定IP地址，固定IP的好处等等一堆巴拉巴拉。
搞了好一会协同客户把IP规划表弄好了。我在机房数据库服务器上配置IP地址时，客户突然走过来问我，说“怎么辨别网卡的IP地址是DHCP获取的还是固定的”。这句话差点把我问宕机了，愣了十来秒，我说“Windows系统看网卡的详细信息，Linux看网卡配置文件，里面都有注明”。然后又给客户实操演示。客户点了点头说“Windows倒是简单清晰明了，Linux上有没有更简单的方法”。
因为从来没想过这么个问题，也没研究过，只能给客户说Linux上只有这方法了。心里想着完事了回去查查。搞了几天，终于把项目都实施交接完成了。回到公司各种查资料虚拟机测试。于是有了下面的结论。
不管是RHEL系、debian、Ubuntu还是SUSE Linux，DHCP动态获取的IP只有通用命令ip address show中有显示“dynamic”，没有此英文单词就是静态IP了。
#简写命令ip addr
如果Linux系统使用NetworkManager管理网络，那么nmtui文本界面也能分辨网卡IP是DHCP获取还是静态地址。当然NetworkManager组件只有RHEL系7及以上版本是默认安装。SLES 16版本才默认安装NetworkManager组件，Ubuntu Server需要安装图形界面才默认安装NetworkManager组件。都安装有GUI图形界面设置的网络设置中查看更直观了。
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  137. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/driver/File.php ( 2.41 KB )
  138. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/contract/DriverInterface.php ( 0.86 KB )
  139. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/runtime/temp/067d451b9a0c665040f3f1bdd3293d68.php ( 11.98 KB )
  140. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.001071s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=f_mffb;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001756s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000748s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000613s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001212s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000577s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.001387s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 504706 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.008474s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1787309537 WHERE `id` = 504706 [ RunTime:0.003429s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 67 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000617s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 504706 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001290s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 504706 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.008488s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 504706 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.016733s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 504706 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.020774s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 504706 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.027169s ]
0.272128s