还在为Python Web开发的速度和性能发愁？FastAPI或许是你一直在寻找的解决方案！

pip install "fastapi[standard]"

from fastapi import FastAPI# 创建FastAPI实例app = FastAPI()# 定义根路径的路由@app.get("/")asyncdefread_root():return {"message": "Hello World"}# 带路径参数的路由@app.get("/items/{item_id}")asyncdefread_item(item_id: int, q: str = None):return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}

python -m uvicorn try1:app --reload

import uvicornif __name__ == "__main__":    uvicorn.run("try1:app", host="127.0.0.1", port=8000, reload=True)

python try2.py

from typing import Optionalfrom pydantic import BaseModel# 定义数据模型class Item(BaseModel):    name: str    description: Optional[str] = None    price: float    tax: Optional[float] = None@app.post("/items/")async def create_item(item: Item):    item_dict = item.dict()if item.tax:        price_with_tax = item.price + item.tax        item_dict.update({"price_with_tax": price_with_tax})return item_dict

from enum import Enumclass ModelName(str, Enum):    alexnet = "alexnet"    resnet = "resnet"    lenet = "lenet"@app.get("/models/{model_name}")async def get_model(model_name: ModelName):if model_name == ModelName.alexnet:return {"model_name": model_name, "message": "Deep Learning FTW!"}if model_name.value == "lenet":return {"model_name": model_name, "message": "LeCNN all the images"}return {"model_name": model_name, "message": "Have some residuals"}@app.get("/users/")async def read_users(skip: int = 0, limit: int = 10, q: Optional[str] = None):# 模拟从数据库获取用户    users = [{"id": i, "name": f"User {i}"} for i inrange(100)]if q:        users = [user for user in users if q.lower() in user["name"].lower()]return users[skip: skip + limit]

from datetime import datetimefrom typing import Listclass User(BaseModel):id: int    name: str = "John Doe"    signup_ts: Optional[datetime] = None    friends: List[int] = []class ComplexData(BaseModel):    user: User    items: List[Item]@app.put("/complex-data/{data_id}")async def update_complex_data(data_id: int, data: ComplexData):return {"data_id": data_id,"data": data.dict(),"received_at": datetime.now()    }

from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, status# 简单的依赖async def common_parameters(    skip: int = 0,     limit: int = 100,    q: Optional[str] = None):return {"skip": skip, "limit": limit, "q": q}@app.get("/items/")async def read_items(commons: dict = Depends(common_parameters)):return commons# 更复杂的依赖注入示例class Database:async def get_user(self, user_id: int):# 模拟数据库查询return {"user_id": user_id, "name": f"User {user_id}"}async def get_database():return Database()async def get_current_user(    user_id: int,     db: Database = Depends(get_database)):    user = await db.get_user(user_id)ifnot user:raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="User not found")return user@app.get("/users/me")async defread_current_user(current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user)):return current_user

from fastapi import HTTPExceptionfrom fastapi.responses import JSONResponse# 自定义异常处理器@app.exception_handler(HTTPException)async def http_exception_handler(request, exc):return JSONResponse(        status_code=exc.status_code,        content={"message": exc.detail, "error": True}    )# 抛出HTTP异常@app.get("/protected-route")async def protected_route(token: str = None):if not token or token != "secret-token":raise HTTPException(            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,            detail="Invalid authentication credentials",            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},        )return {"message": "Access granted"}

from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddlewareimport time# 添加CORS中间件app.add_middleware(    CORSMiddleware,    allow_origins=["*"],  # 生产环境中应该指定具体域名    allow_credentials=True,    allow_methods=["*"],    allow_headers=["*"],)# 自定义中间件：添加处理时间头@app.middleware("http")async def add_process_time_header(request, call_next):    start_time = time.time()    response = await call_next(request)    process_time = time.time() - start_time    response.headers["X-Process-Time"] = str(process_time)return response

from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Dependsfrom pydantic import BaseModelfrom typing importList, Optionalfrom uuid import UUID, uuid4app = FastAPI(title="Todo API", version="1.0.0")# 数据模型class TodoItem(BaseModel):id: Optional[UUID] = None    title: str    description: Optional[str] = None    completed: bool = False# 模拟数据库class TodoDB:def__init__(self):self.todos: List[TodoItem] = []def get_all(self) -> List[TodoItem]:return self.todosdef get(self, todo_id: UUID) -> Optional[TodoItem]:for todo inself.todos:if todo.id == todo_id:return todoreturn Nonedef create(self, todo: TodoItem) -> TodoItem:        todo.id = uuid4()self.todos.append(todo)return tododef update(self, todo_id: UUID, updated_todo: TodoItem) -> Optional[TodoItem]:for idx, todo in enumerate(self.todos):if todo.id == todo_id:                updated_todo.id = todo_idself.todos[idx] = updated_todoreturn updated_todoreturn Nonedef delete(self, todo_id: UUID) -> bool:for idx, todo in enumerate(self.todos):if todo.id == todo_id:del self.todos[idx]return Truereturn False# 依赖注入def get_db():return TodoDB()# API路由@app.get("/todos", response_model=List[TodoItem])async def list_todos(db: TodoDB = Depends(get_db)):return db.get_all()@app.get("/todos/{todo_id}", response_model=TodoItem)async def get_todo(todo_id: UUID, db: TodoDB = Depends(get_db)):    todo = db.get(todo_id)if not todo:raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Todo not found")return todo@app.post("/todos", response_model=TodoItem)async def create_todo(todo: TodoItem, db: TodoDB = Depends(get_db)):return db.create(todo)@app.put("/todos/{todo_id}", response_model=TodoItem)async def update_todo(todo_id: UUID, updated_todo: TodoItem, db: TodoDB = Depends(get_db)):    todo = db.update(todo_id, updated_todo)if not todo:raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Todo not found")return todo@app.delete("/todos/{todo_id}")async def delete_todo(todo_id: UUID, db: TodoDB = Depends(get_db)):if not db.delete(todo_id):raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Todo not found")return {"message": "Todo deleted successfully"}

# 开发环境（带热重载）uvicorn main:app --reload --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000# 生产环境uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000 --workers 4

FROM python:3.9WORKDIR /codeCOPY requirements.txt .RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txtCOPY . .CMD ["uvicorn", "main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]

defreceive_signal(signalNumber, frame):print('\nReceived signal:', signalNumber)print('正在关闭FastAPI服务...')# 强制退出，不等待子进程    os._exit(0)# 注册信号处理signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, receive_signal)  # 处理Ctrl+Csignal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, receive_signal)  # 处理终止信号