这篇教程从零开始,不讲废话、不跳步骤,从安装到实战案例全覆盖,适合完全没编程基础的人跟着学。
- 用途极广:爬虫、数据分析、自动化办公、Web 开发、人工智能、游戏、小程序后端等
二、安装 Python + 开发工具(Windows + Mac 通用)官网:https://www.python.org/downloads/重要:安装时勾选 Add Python to PATH(加到系统环境变量)打开 CMD(Windows) 或 终端(Mac),输入:- 下载:https://code.visualstudio.com/
- 新建文件 → 保存为 xxx.py 就可以写代码了
name = "小明"age = 18height = 1.75is_student = True
四、数据类型(必掌握)Python 常用基础类型:a = 100 # 整数 intb = 3.14 # 浮点数 floatc = 2 + 3j # 复数(一般不用)
name = "小红"age = 20print(f"我叫{name},今年{age}岁")
print(type(123))print(type("abc"))
name = input("请输入名字:")print("你好:", name)
age = int(input("请输入年龄:"))score = float(input("请输入分数:"))
print(10 + 3) # 加print(10 - 3) # 减print(10 * 3) # 乘print(10 / 3) # 除(带小数)print(10 // 3) # 整除print(10 % 3) # 取余print(10 ** 3) # 次方
print(5 > 3)print(5 == 3)print(5 != 3)print(10 >= 10)
结果是 True 或 False七、流程控制:if 判断age = int(input("请输入年龄:"))if age >= 18: print("成年")else: print("未成年")
score = int(input("输入分数:"))if score >= 90: print("优秀")elif score >= 60: print("及格")else: print("不及格")
# 循环 0~4for i in range(5): print(i)
# 1~10for i in range(1, 11): print(i)
i = 1while i <= 5: print(i) i = i + 1
nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]names = ["小明", "小红", "小刚"]
print(names[0]) # 小明print(names[-1]) # 最后一个
names.append("小李") # 加在末尾names.insert(1, "小王") # 插入names.pop() # 删除最后一个names.remove("小明") # 删除指定len(names) # 长度
for name in names: print(name)
student = { "name": "小明", "age": 18, "gender": "男"}
print(student["name"])print(student.get("age"))
for key, value in student.items(): print(key, value)
def say_hello(): print("你好!")
def add(a, b): return a + bresult = add(3, 5)print(result)
import randomprint(random.randint(1, 10)) # 随机数
pip install requestspip install pandas
try: num = int(input("输入数字:")) print(num)except ValueError: print("你输入的不是数字!")
import randomnum = random.randint(1, 100)while True: guess = int(input("猜数字(1-100):")) if guess > num: print("大了") elif guess < num: print("小了") else: print("猜对了!") break
a = float(input("第一个数:"))b = float(input("第二个数:"))print("相加:", a + b)print("相减:", a - b)print("相乘:", a * b)print("相除:", a / b)
scores = [85, 92, 78, 90, 66]print("总分:", sum(scores))print("平均分:", sum(scores)/len(scores))print("最高分:", max(scores))
爬虫(requests + BeautifulSoup)数据分析(Pandas + Matplotlib)