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初学Python练题:函数(四),默认值

  • 2026-02-18 05:57:43
初学Python练题:函数(四),默认值
在编写函数时可以给每个形参指定默认值。
如果在调用函数中给型参提供了实参，Python将使用指定的实参，否则将使用型参的默认值。
下面的练习中，在调用describe_pet( )时，把形参animal_type的默认值设为“黑狗”，这样当调用describe_pet( )来描述黑狗时，就无需提供该信息了，请看最后一行代码：

给参数指定默认值后，可在函数调用中省略相应的实参。

使用默认值，不仅能简化函数调用，还能清楚的指出函数的典型用法。

还要注意：当使用默认值时必须在形参列表中，先列出没有默认值的形参，再列出有默认值的形参。这让Python依然能够正确的解读位置实参。

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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000552s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=f_mffb;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001041s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.002979s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.001808s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000531s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000204s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000658s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 475686 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.045777s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1772240154 WHERE `id` = 475686 [ RunTime:0.007982s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 66 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001162s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 475686 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.048941s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 475686 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001018s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 475686 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001238s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 475686 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.000992s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 475686 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.002165s ]
0.185912s