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Linux软件包管理(三)

  • 2026-01-20 18:36:52
Linux软件包管理(三)
软件包管理系统很大程度上简化了Linux系统中软件安装过程，但不同的软件包管理系统不仅要求应用程序开发人员开发创建不同的应用程序发行版本，还须考虑哪些库文件在大多数发行版中可用及库文件的版本兼容问题，因此应运而生的应用程序容器创建了一个环境，其中包含应用程序运行所需的全部文件，包括运行时库文件，应用程序开发人员可将应用程序容器作为单个软件包分发，保证能够在任何Linux系统中正常运行。如下为目前较流行的应用程序容器标准。
01
snap容器
snap打包系统会将应用程序所需的所有文件集中到单个snap分发文件中，且snapd应用程序运行在后台。
使用方法如下：
检查snap是否正在运行
snap version
查看当前已安装的snap应用程序列表
snap list
在snap仓库中搜索指定程序
snap find solitaire
查看snap应用程序的详细信息
snap info  solitaire
安装snap
sudo snap install solitaire
注：安装snap须有root用户权限或通过sudo命令帮助实现；安装snap时，snapd程序会将其作为驱动器挂载，可使用mount命令查看新的snap挂载。
删除或禁用某个snap
sudo snap remove solitaire    删除某个snapsnap disable   禁用snapsnap enable   重新启用snap
02
flatpak容器
flatpak应用程序容器格式作为一个独立的开源项目创建而成，与任何特定的Linux发行版都没有直接联系，现今各Linux发行版都倾向于使用flatpak。
使用方法如下：
列出已安装的应用程序容器
flatpak  list
在flatpak仓库中搜索指定应用程序
flatpak  search  solitaire
安装应用程序
flatpak  install
删除已安装的应用程序容器
sudo  flatpak  uninstall   chengxu_name 
综上所述，应用程序容器用法与软件包管理系统类似，但其原理完全不同，最终都用于实现Linux系统中能够轻松进行应用程序的维护和升级。
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  137. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/driver/File.php ( 2.41 KB )
  138. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/contract/DriverInterface.php ( 0.86 KB )
  139. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/runtime/temp/067d451b9a0c665040f3f1bdd3293d68.php ( 11.98 KB )
  140. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/f.mffb.com.cn/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000787s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=f_mffb;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001162s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.003444s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.007091s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001369s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.003102s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.001295s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 464748 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.005474s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1770525345 WHERE `id` = 464748 [ RunTime:0.016946s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 67 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000523s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 464748 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.004008s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 464748 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.004324s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 464748 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.011689s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 464748 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.002095s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 464748 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.014839s ]
0.160202s